![]() Once surgeons reach the leak site, they repair the hole by plugging it with tissue or fat.įor leaks on the front of the skull (anterior), surgeons may access and repair the leak through the nostrils using a minimally invasive, endoscopic approach. Surgical approaches are tailored to the exact location of the leak. Surgery is often the best treatment option for cranial CSF leaks. Without treatment, CSF leaks can lead to loss of vision or other senses, hydrocephalus (a buildup of fluid in the cavities inside the brain), dangerous infections like meningitis, or death. The most common signs for cranial CSF leaks include chronic headaches and watery discharge from the nose or ear, especially on one side. Intracranial hypertension can be primary, meaning there is no certain cause, or secondary to another problem, such as a brain bleed. Too much CSF can wear down the skull, making it weak and prone to crack. Intracranial hypertension is similar to high blood pressure, but in the brain. This can be caused by a traumatic injury, tumor, infection, surgery, or intracranial hypertension. ![]() When an area of the skull is damaged, becomes thin, or cracks, the dura (the tissue that holds cerebrospinal fluid and surrounds the brain and spine) is exposed and can easily tear. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a watery fluid that protects, nourishes, and removes waste from the brain and spinal cord. ![]()
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